Ativan (generic name: lorazepam) is a prescription medication in the benzodiazepine class, commonly used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. It works by calming the brain and nervous system through the enhancement of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Ativan is also used for sedation before medical procedures or for treating alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Like other benzodiazepines, it can be habit-forming and is generally prescribed for short-term use due to the risk of dependence and potential side effects like drowsiness, dizziness, and impaired coordination.